Julie Cupples is Professor of Human Geography and Cultural Studies at the University of Edinburgh. She got interested in Nicaragua during the Contra war in the 1980s and for many years worked to defend the Sandinista Revolution through solidarity activism. She has been doing research in Nicaragua for more than three decades, focusing on gender and racial equality, Indigenous and Afrodescendant media, disaster risk reduction, environmental protection, electoral geographies, and democratization. She has worked in partnership with INGES since the late 1990s and she has co-authored several articles with Irving Larios.